Multiple choice

Which of the following statement is correct?

  1. Sec. 34 of l.P.C. is only a rule of evidence.

  2. Sec .34 of I.P.C. does not create a substantive offence.

  3. Both 1 and 2 are correct.

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Section 34 IPC serves dual purposes - it's both a rule of evidence (how joint acts are proved) and creates substantive joint liability principles. Courts have consistently held that Section 34 is not merely evidentiary but establishes the substantive principle that when several persons commit a criminal act, each is liable as if they did it alone.

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