Multiple choice

Who among the following received the titles of Vakil-ul-Mutlak and Amir-ul-Amara?

  1. Mahadaji Sindhia

  2. Shah Alam II

  3. Malharrao Holkar

  4. Shivaji II
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A Correct answer
Explanation

Mahadaji Sindhia was the Maratha ruler of the state of Gwalior in central India. Mahadaji was instrumental in resurrecting Maratha power after the debacle of the Third Battle of Panipat in 1761. In early 1771, Mahadji recaptured Delhi and installed Shah Alam II as the puppet ruler on the Mughal throne, receiving in return the title of deputy Vakil-ul-Mutlak or vice-regent of the Empire and that of Vakil-ul-Mutlak being at his request conferred on the Peshwa. The Mughals also gave him the title of Amir-ul-Amara (head of the amirs).

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