Photosynthesis produces glucose (a simple carbohydrate) as its primary product, using sunlight, water, and CO2. The glucose can be used immediately for energy, stored as starch, or converted to other carbohydrates like cellulose. While plants can synthesize fats, proteins, and absorb minerals, these are NOT direct products of photosynthesis. The overall reaction is: 6CO2 + 6H2O + light → C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6O2.