Multiple choice

Which one of the following is not a component of expectancy model of motivation?

  1. Positive reinforcement

  2. Valence

  3. Performance-outcome equation

  4. Effort-performance equation
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A Correct answer
Explanation

Vroom's Expectancy Theory of Motivation consists of three key components: Expectancy (effort-performance linkage), Instrumentality (performance-outcome linkage or performance-reward equation), and Valence (value of the reward). Positive reinforcement is associated with Skinner's operant conditioning theory, not Vroom's expectancy model.

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