Multiple choice Which of the following is a disadvantage of Standard Deviation as a measure of risk? Standard Deviation measures total risk, not just market risk It is based on past returns, which does not necessarily indicate further performance It is an independent number All types of funds can be measured with standard deviation Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself B Correct answer Explanation Standard Deviation's key limitation is that it's backward-looking: it measures historical volatility, which may not continue. Markets evolve, and past volatility doesn't predict future risk. This makes SD a useful but imperfect risk measure.