Echinoderms (starfish, sea urchins, sea cucumbers) are characterized by their spiny skin, which gives the phylum its name (echino = spiny, derm = skin). This endoskeleton is made of calcareous ossicles beneath the epidermis and provides protection and structural support. This feature clearly distinguishes them from molluscs (soft-bodied), nematodes (smooth worms), and chordates.