'Anand Math' (also written as 'Anandamath') is a famous Bengali novel written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in 1882. This novel is historically significant as it contains the song 'Vande Mataram,' which later became India's national song and inspired the freedom movement. Set against the backdrop of the Sannyasi Rebellion in the late 18th century, it's considered a classic of Bengali literature and Indian nationalist writing.