Multiple choice

The theory of basic structure of constitution of was propounded by the Supreme Court in:

  1. Golaknath case

  2. Gopalan vs. State of Madras

  3. Minerva Mills case,1980

  4. Keshavananda Bharati case
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D Correct answer
Explanation

The Basic Structure doctrine was propounded by the Supreme Court in the landmark Kesavananda Bharati case (1973). This doctrine holds that Parliament's amendment power under Article 368 is limited - it cannot alter the 'basic structure' of the Constitution. Golaknath case (1967) had earlier held that fundamental rights cannot be amended, but this was overruled by Kesavananda Bharati. Minerva Mills (1980) further developed this doctrine.

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