Multiple choice

Which of the following is a State for the purposes of Article 12?

  1. National Council of Educational Research and Training

  2. Institute of Constitutional and Parliamentary Studies

  3. Indian Oil Corporation

  4. High Court of Delhi
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C Correct answer
Explanation

Article 12 defines 'State' to include government, Parliament, legislatures, and 'all local or other authorities within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India.' Indian Oil Corporation, being a government company, falls under 'other authorities' and is considered State for enforcing fundamental rights.

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