Multiple choice

Subjects are said to be assigned randomly when

  1. they are assigned to experimental and control groups from a sample representing the large population

  2. they each have an equal chance of being assigned to either the experimental or control group

  3. they are assigned to experimental and control groups so that the groups differ on some critical variable before the experiment begins

  4. neither the experimenter nor the subject knows whether the subject is in the experimental or control group
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Random assignment means every participant has an equal probability of being placed in any experimental condition. This procedure uses chance (like coin flips or random number generators) to determine group assignment, creating roughly equivalent groups by distributing confounding variables evenly across conditions.

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