Using the method of completing the square, the function f(x) = x2 - 10x + 23 becomes (x2 - 10x + 25) - 2. This simplifies to (x - 5)2 - 2. Because the square of a real number is always non-negative, the minimum value occurs when x = 5, making the minimum y equal to -2, so y is always greater than or equal to -2.