Multiple choice

Hydrochloric acid solutions A and B have concentrations 0.5 N and 0.1N respectively. The volume of solution A and Brequired to make 2 liters of 0.2N Hydrochloric acid are

  1. 0.5 L of A+1.5 L of B

  2. 1.5 L of A+0.5 L of B

  3. 1.0 L of A +1.0 L of B

  4. 0.75 L of A + 1.25 L of B
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A Correct answer
Explanation

Using the mixture formula V1C1 + V2C2 = V_total * C_total: 0.5x + 0.1(2-x) = 2 * 0.2. 0.5x + 0.2 - 0.1x = 0.4. 0.4x = 0.2. x = 0.5 L of A. Then B = 1.5 L.

AI explanation

Using the rule of alligation, the ratio of volumes for solutions of 0.5 N and 0.1 N to achieve a 0.2 N mixture is found by the differences in concentrations. The required parts of 0.5 N to 0.1 N are in a 1:3 ratio, meaning one quarter of the 2 liters is solution A and three quarters is solution B. This yields 0.5 L of solution A and 1.5 L of solution B.

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