What is the amount of Rs. 24 per kg sugar that a merchant should mix with 28 kg of a better quality of sugar costing Rs. 32 per kg, if he decides to earn a profit of 20% by selling the mixture at Rs. 30 per kg?

First, calculate the target cost price for the mixture by dividing the selling price of Rs. 30 by 1.2, which gives Rs. 25 per kg. Using the rule of alligation, the ratio of the Rs. 24 sugar to the Rs. 32 sugar is (32 - 25) : (25 - 24), or 7 : 1. If 1 part equals 28 kg, then the required 7 parts of the Rs. 24 sugar equals 196 kg.

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