Multiple choice

Veer adds 'x' litres water to pure milk to make a 104-litre milk-water solution. He sells this solution at a price that is 10% more than the cost price of pure milk and makes a profit of 43% on this transaction. If he adds 'x' litres water to 120 litres pure milk and sells the resulting solution at the cost price of pure milk, then what is his profit percentage in this transaction? (Assume that water comes free of cost)

  1. 25%

  2. 32%

  3. 30%

  4. 20%
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D Correct answer
Explanation

In the first case, total cost is the cost of 104 liters of milk. Selling price is 1.1 * CP_milk * 104. Profit is 43%, so SP = 1.43 * CP_total. Equating these allows finding the ratio of water to milk. In the second case, with 120 liters of milk and the same amount of water, calculate the new profit percentage.

AI explanation

Using the first transaction, the cost price is for 104 minus x litres of milk, and the selling price is 1.1 times the cost price of the pure milk, which represents a 43% profit. This establishes that 1.1 times the volume of pure milk equals 1.43 times the volume of pure milk minus the added water, which simplifies to x = 24 litres of water being added to 80 litres of pure milk. In the second transaction, adding 24 litres of water to 120 litres of pure milk creates a total volume of 144 litres. Selling this 144-litre solution at the cost price of 120 litres means the profit is calculated as ((144 - 120) / 120) * 100, resulting in a 20% profit.

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