Multiple choice

A dairyman pays Rs $6$.$40$ per litre of milk. He adds water and sells the mixture at Rs $8$ per litre thereby making $37.5$% profit .The propotion of water to milk received by the customer is

  1. $1$:$10$
  2. $1:12$
  3. $1$:$15$
  4. $1:20$
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A Correct answer
Explanation

At a 37.5% profit, the cost of one litre of mixture is 8/1.375 = 64/11 rupees. This requires 10/11 litre of milk costing 6.40 per litre, leaving 1/11 litre of water, so the water-to-milk ratio is 1:10.

AI explanation

With a selling price of Rs 8 and a profit of 37.5%, the cost price of the mixture is 8 divided by 1.375, which equals Rs 6.40 per litre. Using the rule of alligation with the cost of pure milk at Rs 6.40 and the cost of water at Rs 0, the ratio of water to milk is (6.40 - 6.40) to (6.40 - 0). This evaluates to a ratio of 0.8 to 8, which simplifies to 1:10.

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