A bank gives compound interest on deposits at the rate of 5% for the first year, 6% for the second year and 10% for the third year. If a deposit amounts to Rs. 12243 at the end of third year, then the initial deposit (principal) was

For compound interest with varying rates, we multiply the principal by (1 + r/100) for each year. Working backwards from Rs. 12243: Year 3 rate is 10%, so amount before year 3 = 12243/1.10 = 11130. Year 2 rate is 6%, so amount before year 2 = 11130/1.06 = 10500. Year 1 rate is 5%, so principal = 10500/1.05 = 10000. Alternatively, forward calculation: 10000 × 1.05 × 1.06 × 1.10 = 12243.