You are designing an application that will provide data entry clerks the capability of updating the data in several tables. You would like to ease entry and provide common input so the clerks do not need to enter data into all fields or enter redundant values. What types of technologies could you use to minimize the amount of input needed? (Select all that apply.)

Cascading updates (B) automatically propagate changes to related tables, eliminating redundant data entry. Identity columns (C) auto-generate sequential values, removing manual input for keys. Default constraints (D) automatically supply common values when no explicit value is provided, reducing typing. NULL (E) allows fields to be optional, but it's more about absence of input than a technology that minimizes required input.