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Which one of the following doesn’t represent a 'Transform' component of ETL?

  1. Rounding decimal values to Integers

  2. Removing special characters from a Text field

  3. Defining Primary Key constraint on a Table

  4. Assigning a default value to a field.

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C Correct answer
Explanation

Defining a Primary Key constraint is a database schema operation, not a data transformation. The other options (rounding decimals, removing special characters, assigning default values) are all data transformations that modify the data itself during the ETL process. Constraints are structural, not transformational.