An Oracle instance is executing in a nondistributed configuration. The instance fails because of an operating system failure. Which background process would perform the instance recovery when the atabase is reopened ?

SMON (System Monitor) performs instance recovery after a crash, including rolling forward uncommitted changes and rolling back uncommitted transactions. PMON (Process Monitor) cleans up failed processes. RECO handles distributed transaction recovery. ARCn archives redo logs. CKPT (Checkpoint) updates file headers to checkpoint position.