Let the number be x. One-third of one-fourth of x equals 15: (1/3) × (1/4) × x = 15, which simplifies to x/12 = 15. Solving gives x = 180. Three-tenth of this number = (3/10) × 180 = 54.
If one-third of one-fourth of a number equals 15, then the number itself is 15 × 3 × 4 = 180. Three-tenths of 180 is 54, which matches the correct answer through simple fraction arithmetic.