She _________________ lunch by the time we arrived.
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had finished
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finished
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have finished
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finishing
The past perfect tense ('had finished') is used to show an action that was completed before another past action. Since 'arrived' is in the past tense, and the lunch finishing happened before that, we need past perfect. 'Have finished' is present perfect and would be incorrect here.
To answer this question, we need to understand the concept of past perfect tense.
The correct answer is A) had finished.
This option is correct because "had finished" is the past perfect tense of the verb "finish." In this sentence, the action of finishing lunch occurred before the action of us arriving. Therefore, we use the past perfect tense to indicate that the action of finishing lunch was completed before a specific point in the past (our arrival).