The India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) project is located near Pottipuram in the Theni district of Tamil Nadu. Among the options, the Nilgiri Hills are the closest major hill range to this location, as the INO site is situated in the Western Ghats region near the Nilgiri Hills area. The Khasi Hills are in Meghalaya (northeast), Patkai Hills are on the India-Myanmar border, and Anamalai Hills are south of the Nilgiri range.