Multiple choice general knowledge science & technology The main constituents of pearls are calcium oxide and ammonium chloride calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate aragonite and conchiolin ammonium sulphate and sodium carbonate Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself C Correct answer Explanation Pearls are biological structures composed primarily of calcium carbonate in the form of aragonite, along with an organic binding substance called conchiolin. This combination forms layers of nacre, commonly known as mother-of-pearl.