Beginning in the 1960s, though high yielding varieties of food grains revolutionized Indian agriculture,it came with a price. What are the environmental costs associated with this phenomenal growth in food production?

The Green Revolution's high-yielding varieties required massive inputs: chemical fertilizers to support rapid growth, extensive groundwater extraction for irrigation, and heavy pesticide application to protect monocultures. All three imposed significant environmental costs including soil degradation, water depletion, and ecological disruption from chemical runoff.