Pythagoras and his followers considered 10 to be a 'perfect number' because it represented the sum of the first four numbers (1+2+3+4=10) and could be represented as a triangular figure (tetractys). The number 10 had mystical significance in Pythagorean philosophy. Modern mathematics defines perfect numbers differently (like 6, 28, 496), but in Pythagorean context, 10 is correct.